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西南涡大气科学试验的观测布局理论与实践

李跃清,徐祥德,赵兴炳

《中国工程科学》 2012年第14卷第9期页码 35-45

摘要：

我国是气象灾害十分严重的国家。西南涡是一个非常重要的灾害性天气系统，与我国夏半年的暴雨洪涝灾害密切相关，对国民经济、社会发展和人民生命财产安全都有着严重的影响。基于西南涡理论研究与科学试验现状，阐述了西南涡大气科学试验的观测基础对西南涡基本信息、理论研究和业务预报的重要意义。从站点分布、设备技术、观测要素等方面，提出了西南涡大气科学试验观测布局的设计思想与技术原则。在此基础上，系统设计了西南涡大气科学试验的观测布局工程，并于2010年、2011年开展了两次西南涡大气科学试验，检验了观测布局设计思想的正确性，推动了西南涡研究与业务的进展。最后，从西南涡大气科学试验的需求、现状和效果，进一步指出了加强其观测布局理论研究和具体实践，对我国经济发展、防灾减灾的重要意义。

关键词：西南涡科学试验观测基础布局技术

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Shear wall layout optimization of tall buildings using Quantum Charged System Search

Siamak TALATAHARI, Mahdi RABIEI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第5期页码 1131-1151 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0660-1

摘要： This paper presents a developed meta-heuristic algorithm to optimize the shear walls of tall reinforced concrete buildings. These types of walls are considered as lateral resistant elements. In this paper, Quantum Charged System Search (QCSS) algorithm is presented as a new optimization method and used to improve the convergence capability of the original Charged System Search. The cost of tall building is taken as the objective function. Since the design of the lateral system plays a major role in the performance of the tall buildings, this paper proposes a unique computational technique that, unlike available works, focuses on structural efficiency or architectural design. This technique considers both structural and architectural requirements such as minimum structural costs, torsional effects, flexural and shear resistance, lateral deflection, openings and accessibility. The robustness of the new algorithm is demonstrated by comparing the outcomes of the QCSS with those of its standard algorithm.

关键词： Quantum Charged System Search shear wall layout optimization tall buildings

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关于硬岩隧道掘进机刀盘设计的进一步研究

Jamal Rostami, Soo-Ho Chang

《工程（英文）》 2017年第3卷第6期页码 892-904 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2017.12.009

摘要：

在隧道项目中，隧道掘进机（TBM）能否顺利施工取决于TBM 系统所有部件（从刀具到后备系统）能否正常运转，并取决于全部机车车辆的配合。而在整个TBM 系统中，刀盘是影响TBM 施工效率最为关键的因素。刀盘的设计影响到掘削效率、刀盘平衡、刀具使用寿命、主轴承/ 齿轮箱维护、出渣效果、面刀和边刀/ 排渣铲斗的磨损情况。总体来说，刀盘设计对掘进速度（ROP）、机器利用率（U）及每日进尺（AR）有重要影响。尽管当前可用文献中已就盘形滚刀、切削力、刀盘的某些设计特征做了讨论，但与本论题相关的文献却十分有限，这是因为刀盘的设计主要由隧道掘进机制造商负责，大部分设计工艺都属制造商专有，虽然本论题当前大受关注，但岩石隧道掘进机的设计对终端客户而言仍是个谜题。本文将试着阐明设计中的基本概念，虽不足以帮助读者进行成熟设计，却可助工程师与承包商理解设计步骤中的构思过程、合理设计中应注意的事项以及刀盘设计对于隧道掘进机运行及寿命周期的意义。

关键词： TBM 刀盘设计刀盘布置盘形滚刀刀具布置形式 TBM 效率

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Performance evaluation of waste electrical and electronic equipment disassembly layout configurations

Ozan Capraz, Olcay Polat, Askiner Gungor

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年第11卷第5期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0992-9

摘要： Recycling of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) is crucially important since it handles hazardous waste according to ever tightening laws and regulations and it adds benefits to economy and sustainable environment. Disassembly is one of the most important processes performed during the recovery of WEEE. The overall goal of disassembly is to maximize the retrieval of various metals and plastics contained in WEEE in order to reduce their negative effects on human health and environmental sustainability and to increase economic gains. This study aims to evaluate alternative layout configurations for WEEE disassembly systems (WDS). In this context, various configurations were compared in terms of pre-defined performance criteria, such as the total number of disassembled WEEE and the total revenue from sales, using simulation models. The results of this study show that the performance of a WDS was significantly affected by output transfer systems along with the specialization of operators on certain types of WEEE.

关键词： WEEE Recovery Disassembly Layout planning Simulation

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Group-based multiple pipe routing method for aero-engine focusing on parallel layout

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2021年第16卷第4期页码 798-813 doi: 10.1007/s11465-021-0645-3

摘要： External pipe routing for aero-engine in limited three-dimensional space is a typical nondeterministic polynomial hard problem, where the parallel layout of pipes plays an important role in improving the utilization of layout space, facilitating pipe assembly, and maintenance. This paper presents an automatic multiple pipe routing method for aero-engine that focuses on parallel layout. The compressed visibility graph construction algorithm is proposed first to determine rapidly the rough path and interference relationship of the pipes to be routed. Based on these rough paths, the information of pipe grouping and sequencing are obtained according to the difference degree and interference degree, respectively. Subsequently, a coevolutionary improved differential evolution algorithm, which adopts the coevolutionary strategy, is used to solve multiple pipe layout optimization problem. By using this algorithm, pipes in the same group share the layout space information with one another, and the optimal layout solution of pipes in this group can be obtained in the same evolutionary progress. Furthermore, to eliminate the minor angle deviation of parallel pipes that would cause assembly stress in actual assembly, an accurate parallelization processing method based on the simulated annealing algorithm is proposed. Finally, the simulation results on an aero-engine demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： multiple pipe routing optimization algorithm aero-engine pipe grouping parallel layout

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客运专线铁路箱梁预制场优化

王治斌,王清明

《中国工程科学》 2009年第11卷第1期页码 67-74

摘要：

结合所承担的铁道部及中铁建总公司科研课题“客运专线铁路简支箱梁梁场工业化研究”的研究成果，及近30个梁场的规划设计实践，对梁场选址、梁场的平面布置及设备配套等梁场建设的3大重要内容进行了全面深入的论述。

关键词：客运专线梁场选址平面布置设备配套

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HAPE3D—a new constructive algorithm for the 3D irregular packing problem

Xiao LIU,Jia-min LIU,An-xi CAO,Zhuang-le YAO

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第16卷第5期页码 380-390 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1400421

摘要： We propose a new constructive algorithm, called HAPE3D, which is a heuristic algorithm based on the principle of minimum total potential energy for the 3D irregular packing problem, involving packing a set of irregularly shaped polyhedrons into a box-shaped container with fixed width and length but unconstrained height. The objective is to allocate all the polyhedrons in the container, and thus minimize the waste or maximize profit. HAPE3D can deal with arbitrarily shaped polyhedrons, which can be rotated around each coordinate axis at different angles. The most outstanding merit is that HAPE3D does not need to calculate no-fit polyhedron (NFP), which is a huge obstacle for the 3D packing problem. HAPE3D can also be hybridized with a meta-heuristic algorithm such as simulated annealing. Two groups of computational experiments demonstrate the good performance of HAPE3D and prove that it can be hybridized quite well with a meta-heuristic algorithm to further improve the packing quality.

关键词： 3D packing problem Layout design Simulation Optimization Constructive algorithm Meta-heuristics

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the pre-grouting eﬀect on the stability of tunnels excavated in fault zones with discontinuity layout

Xiao YAN, Zizheng SUN, Shucai LI, Rentai LIU, Qingsong ZHANG, Yiming ZHANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第13卷第6期页码 1393-1404 doi: 10.1007/s11709-019-0563-1

摘要： Pre-grouting is a popular ground treatment strategy utilized to enhance the strength and stability of strata during the excavation of a tunnel through a fault zone. Two important questions need to be answered during such an excavation. First, how should the grouting size be determined? Second, when should excavation begin after grouting? These two questions are conventionally addressed through empirical experience and standard criteria because a reliable quantitative approach, which would be preferable, has not yet been developed. To address these questions, we apply a recently proposed numerical approach known as discontinuity layout optimization, an efficient node-based upper bound limit analysis method. A case study is provided utilizing a tunnel located in a stratum characterized by complicated geological conditions, including soft soil and a fault zone. The factor of safety is used to quantitatively assess the stability of the tunnel section. The inﬂuences of the grouted zone thickness and the time-dependent material properties of the grouted zone on the stability of the tunnel section are evaluated, thereby assisting designers by quantitatively assessing the effects of pre-grouting.

关键词： pre-grouting stability analysis factor of safety discontinuity layout optimization

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三峡工程电站设计

周述达,谢红兵

《中国工程科学》 2011年第13卷第7期页码 78-84

摘要：

利用物理模型和数值模拟技术，系统研究了三峡电站布置、排沙及排漂措施、进水口形式、机组蜗壳埋设方式，以及地下电站洞室群布置、块体加固等技术问题。研究表明，三峡电站采用两岸坝后厂房+右岸地下厂房的布置及单孔小孔口进水口体型技术经济最优，采用分散排沙和排漂孔可较好解决电站的泥沙和漂污问题，蜗壳采用保温保压、垫层及组合埋设技术均可保证机组稳定运行，采用新型变顶高尾水洞优于设置尾水调压室。同时提出了与蜗壳埋设方式相关的技术标准，并对大型不利块体的加固进行了探讨，提出了利用阻滑键及结构面法向压应力加固块体的新思路。

关键词：三峡电站布置排沙排漂蜗壳埋设浅埋块体加固

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桁架结构智能布局优化系统

李旲,胡云昌,曹宏铎

《中国工程科学》 2003年第5卷第2期页码 75-79

摘要：

应用模糊、混沌、神经网络等理论，以结构质量为优化目标函数，在构造一个新型的布局优化模型的基础上，对桁架结构布局优化这一结构优化领域的难点问题进行了研究。构造了一个完整的桁架结构智能布局优化系统，该系统由5 个模块组成，具有智能、自适应的特点，在确定了结构选型情况下，可以自动完成从基结构的智能自动建立到结构布局寻优的全过程。经实例验证，系统性能稳定，可以得到满足要求的结构布局优化解。

关键词：布局优化智能优化系统自适应

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求解多目标卫星舱布局优化问题的带局部搜索的Wang-Landau抽样算法 Article

Jing-fa LIU,Liang HAO,Gang LI,Yu XUE,Zhao-xia LIU,Juan HUANG

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第17卷第6期页码 527-542 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500292

摘要：卫星舱布局设计问题属于一种NP困难问题，该问题不仅仅是一种复杂的耦合系统设计问题，也是一种特殊的多目标优化问题。解决该问题最大的难点在于待优化的函数具有大量的由高能势垒分隔开的局部极小值点。Wang-Landau (WL)抽样算法是一种改进的蒙特卡罗方法，目前已成功应用于许多优化问题的求解中。本文采用WL抽样算法求解卫星舱布局优化问题。为了加快全局最优解的搜索速度，每次蒙特卡罗扫描产生新布局时便执行基于梯度法的局部搜索(LS)方法。通过结合WL抽样算法、LS方法和启发式布局更新策略，本文提出了WL-LS混合算法用于求解卫星舱最优布局。此外，为了提高算法计算效率，针对两个物体（如两矩形物体，两圆形物体或者一矩形物体和一圆形物体）之间的干涉深度，本文提出了一种快速准确的计算方法。矩形物体是正交放置的。分别测试了包含51个物体和53个物体的两个算例。在两个算例中，本文所提出的算法均超过了文献中的方法。数值结果表明，WL-LS是一种求解卫星舱布局优化问题的有效算法。

关键词：装填问题；布局设计；卫星舱；Wang-Landau抽样算法

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溪洛渡施工总布置三维动态可视化图形仿真研究

钟登华,朱慧蓉,郑家祥

《中国工程科学》 2003年第5卷第11期页码 65-70

摘要：

溪洛渡水电站是在金沙江拟建的最大水电站，为直观准确地描述其施工总布置设计所涉及的各施工环节之间复杂的动态空间关系，将施工总布置系统分为若干子系统，对整个设计施工过程进行动态可视化图形仿真研究。设计3维动态图形仿真数据流向，将溪洛渡施工总布置动态图形仿真数据分为空间数据和属性数据，以GIS为平台组织数据结构，构造施工总布置3维动态可视化数字模型；在3维动态可视化数字基础上实现施工总布置3维动态可视化图形仿真演示和动态图形仿真数据可视化查询，给施工总布置设计与决策提供一个科学、直观的可视化分析途径。

关键词：溪洛渡工程施工总布置图形仿真地理信息系统数字水利

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Layout optimization of steel reinforcement in concrete structure using a truss-continuum model

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第5期页码 669-685 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0963-0

摘要： Owing to advancement in advanced manufacturing technology, the reinforcement design of concrete structures has become an important topic in structural engineering. Based on bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization (BESO), a new approach is developed in this study to optimize the reinforcement layout in steel-reinforced concrete (SRC) structures. This approach combines a minimum compliance objective function with a hybrid truss-continuum model. Furthermore, a modified bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization (M-BESO) method is proposed to control the level of tensile stress in concrete. To fully utilize the tensile strength of steel and the compressive strength of concrete, the optimization sensitivity of steel in a concrete–steel composite is integrated with the average normal stress of a neighboring concrete. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed procedures, reinforcement layout optimizations of a simply supported beam, a corbel, and a wall with a window are conducted. Clear steel trajectories of SRC structures can be obtained using both methods. The area of critical tensile stress in concrete yielded by the M-BESO is more than 40% lower than that yielded by the uniform design and BESO. Hence, the M-BESO facilitates a fully digital workflow that can be extremely effective for improving the design of steel reinforcements in concrete structures.

关键词： bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization steel-reinforced concrete concrete stress reinforcement method hybrid model

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国外工业互联网安全产业布局情况及对我国的启示

李阳春,王海龙,李欲晓,陈磊,李幼平

《中国工程科学》 2021年第23卷第2期页码 112-121 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2021.02.015

摘要：

工业互联网安全产业是工业互联网健康发展的重要基础支撑，国外发达国家和地区在这一产业的布局已相对完善，我国在建设制造强国、网络强国、数字中国的战略需求下，亟需科学优化工业互联网安全产业布局。本文运用文献调研和情报分析相结合的研究方法，研判了工业互联网安全产业的发展需求，围绕政策引导、企业创新、协同发展、资本整合、联盟生态等方面深入剖析了美国、德国、英国、日本等发达国家工业互联网安全产业的布局现状，评估分析了国际发展趋势，阐述了我国在政策标准、技术产品、市场空间、投资融资、区域布局方面的发展现状和面临的挑战。研究建议，借鉴他国有益经验、结合我国发展实际，充分发挥体制机制优势，统筹安全产业均衡发展；坚持自主创新，打造具有国际竞争力的拳头产品；健全安全标准体系，积极引领国际规则制定；加强对中小企业政策和资金的扶持力度，激发创新活力；构建多链环协同发展生态，形成国际国内双循环格局。

关键词：工业互联网安全，工业互联网安全产业，产业布局，均衡发展，自主创新

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Anefficient data layout scheme for better I/O balancing inRAID-6 storage systems

Ping XIE,Jian-zhong HUANG,Er-wei DAI,Qiang CAO,Chang-sheng XIE

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2015年第16卷第5期页码 335-345 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1400362

摘要： Among redundant arrays of independent disks (RAID)-6 codes, maximum distance separable (MDS) based RAID-6 codes are popular because they have the optimal storage efficiency. Although vertical MDS codes exhibit better load balancing compared to horizontal MDS codes in partial stripes, an I/O unbalancing problem still exists in some vertical codes. To address this issue, we propose a novel efficient data layout, uniform P-code (UPC), to support highly balanced I/Os among P-coded disk arrays (i.e., PC). In UPC, the nonuniformly distributed information symbols in each parity chain of P-code are moved along their columns to other rows, thus enabling the parity chain to keep original parity relationships and tolerate double disk failures. The UPC scheme not only achieves optimal storage efficiency, computational complexity, and update complexity, but also supports better I/O balancing in the context of large-scale storage systems. We also conduct a performance study on reconstruction algorithms using an analytical model. Besides extensive theoretical analysis, comparative performance experiments are conducted by replaying real-world workloads under various configurations. Experimental results illustrate that our UPC scheme significantly outperforms the PC scheme in terms of average user response time. In particular, in the case of a 12-disk array, the UPC scheme can improve the access performance of the RAID-6 storage system by 29.9% compared to the PC scheme.

关键词： RAID-6 Data availability High performance I/O balancing